Introduction
Our society is run by insane people for insane objectives.
—John Lennon
Imagine that an extremely attractive person of the sex you prefer sits down opposite you and exclaims with a smile: “You are the most fantastic person I’ve ever met!” You immediately sense that this is for real, that the person is sincere. They ask questions and want to know everything about you. They don’t talk about themselves, and they look at you as if you were the only person in the room. Their attention leaves you glowing, lit up in a way you’ve never felt before. This other person says the kinds of things you’ve waited a lifetime to hear. They somehow understand precisely who you are, the inner quirks of your personality, your every like and dislike. You feel as if you have finally found your soul mate. Through some magic, this person has gotten straight to your heart in a way you have never felt before.
Can you see it in your mind’s eye? Can you imagine the feeling? It would be fantastic, right?
And now the question: Can you look yourself in a mirror and honestly say that this wouldn’t affect you? That you aren’t susceptible to the lure of romantic nonsense and that you would immediately become suspicious and realize that this person wants something completely different? If not your body, then probably your money.
Think a moment before you answer. Because if you’ve never been in such a situation, then you’ll never see the danger. This person is going to tell you their secrets, and they are going to get you to reveal yours. You will answer all their probing questions, the sole purpose of which is to find out as much as possible about you.
A few years ago, I wrote a book called Surrounded by Idiots. The book was about the basics of the DISC language, one of the most powerful methods in the world to describe human communication and the differences in human behavior patterns. The book was a success, which I hadn’t really expected. I believe part of the reason for its success is that a lot of people are, like me, fascinated by human behavior—the behavior of others and, above all, their own. And I might as well admit it: ME, I’m an interesting person! At least to myself.
The behavior categories I use, in that first book as well as in this one, are based on William Moulton Marston’s theories and consist of four main types of people, each of which is associated with a color: Red for dominance, Yellow for influence, Green for stability, and Blue for compliance. The following chapters provide an overview of what the colors mean in practice. These categories are a tool that can help answer many (but not all) of our questions about how people function.
People are too complex to be described completely, but the more you understand, the easier it is to identify the outliers. This method of behavior categorization encompasses perhaps 80 percent of the entire puzzle. Quite a lot, but far from everything. There are always other elements that we need to take into consideration to understand someone’s behavior: gender, age, cultural differences, motivation, intelligence, interests, experiences of every sort, birth order, and countless other factors. For the sake of simplicity, let’s say that the puzzle has an awful lot of pieces.
Now for the Problem
As the book became more and more popular around the world, there were some people who chose to use the DISC system in a malicious way. This was never my intention. In this book, I want to make you aware of such individuals, of people who would try to manipulate you, and to give you the tools to protect yourself. I’m often asked if an individual can have all the colors—be a little bit Red, Yellow, Green, and Blue. “I’m a bit of each color,” readers have written to me in emails. “Is that possible?” It can certainly feel possible. I act Red sometimes, Yellow and Green often, but on other occasions I am undoubtedly Blue. The reason why this is possible is actually quite simple: We all have the ability to use whichever type of behavior we want, thanks to the fact that we are intelligent beings who can think for ourselves. As their self-awareness increases, a Yellow person will learn that it’s time to close their mouth and open their ears. And a Green person can learn to express their heartfelt opinion even if that might lead to conflict. But the bottom line is that normally two colors dominate a person’s behavior.
An Unpleasant Experience
Approximately one year after Surrounded by Idiots was published, I had a strange encounter. A young man came up to me after a lecture I had given at a university. He stood right in front of me, face to face, more or less pushing aside others who also wanted to ask questions. With an intense gaze, he said that he didn’t recognize himself in any of the colors. I asked him what he meant by that, and he said that none of the behaviors I had described fitted him. He thought he was a fifth color. He also wanted to know more about how to best interact with the other colors, but his choice of words was interesting: He told me he wanted to know “how to take advantage of this knowledge.”
Okay.
I gave him a standard answer since I didn’t have time to start analyzing him then and there, and when he realized that he wasn’t going to get anywhere with his questions, he stepped aside. But he didn’t leave; instead, he remained standing a few yards away, observing me the whole time until I packed up all my things.
“Observed” is not quite the right word. In fact, he stared at me in an almost embarrassing way for perhaps ten minutes. I saw people come up to him, say hello, and smile. And every time he smiled back. But he wasn’t really smiling at all. He pretended to smile. His face was distorted into a weird, strange grimace, a sort of imitation of a smile. Some of the people he smiled at noticed and reacted with a questioning look, while others didn’t seem to think there was anything out of the ordinary. And after every “smile,” he went back to his serious, concentrated staring. At me. It was decidedly uncomfortable.
And what did he mean by “take advantage” of the DISC system?
It struck me that the young man was right about one thing: the DISC language doesn’t apply to everybody. A part of the population can’t be categorized. We should be very careful of such unpleasant, maybe even dangerous, types of people. We’ve all heard the stories of the master manipulators, the con men, the imposters. How could he trick me so totally? their victims wonder. Why didn’t I see that he was a con man?
The reason? Because these individuals know how they can use your own behavior against you. They have an instinctive understanding of how to manipulate a person to do virtually anything. And they can con virtually anybody using what they learn about them. Their purpose is always the same: to get what they want. They leave behind a trail of chaos and disorder.
The question is this: If a person doesn’t have a personality of their own, but simply mirrors whomever is in front of them, who is that person? They are not Red or Yellow, and definitely not Green or Blue. Are they all the colors? A fifth color? The answer is none of these. They are something much worse, something that cannot be categorized in the way we categorize normal people. They are people who don’t have a personality of their own; instead, they mimic whatever they see for their own gain. They are a type of chameleon with a hidden agenda that only they know of. And we can be certain that this agenda only ever benefits them.
Instead of identifying these people as a fifth color or a combination of all the colors, I define them as having no color at all. Because a person who doesn’t really have a genuine personality, who is always at least partially acting, is not a real person. They are more a shadow, a reflection of reality but not properly real. They are a sort of walking fraud on two legs. If you have met this type of individual, you’ll know what I’m talking about.
But who are they, these people? What sort of people try to mimic what other people do? And what can their goal be?
Pretending to Be Like Everybody Else
To put it plainly: they are predators in human form. Does that sound dramatic? The reason for that is very simple: it is dramatic! These individuals end up harming most people they come into contact with, and often the victims don’t even know who is responsible for the disarray.
That, dear reader, is what psychopaths do.
Luckily, they’re all locked up in jail. Right?
Psychopaths are living in society just like the rest of us. They infiltrate companies and organizations, where they get comparatively little work done and only in exceptional cases do they make any positive contributions. They rarely offer to get the bill at the restaurant, and they never have any money when household expenses have to be paid. They are often unfaithful, manipulative, and duplicitous. They are notorious liars; most of them lie when there isn’t even any reason to do so. They can fool anyone into believing them, and they turn everything you say against you. But they are often extremely popular. A lot of people like them, place them on a pedestal, and even respect them.
How is this possible? you might well ask yourself. Good question. How could we like a person who is so duplicitous? Not me, you’re thinking to yourself, I would hate them from the very start. Exactly. If you knew their real self, you would hate them. But you wouldn’t know. Because they wouldn’t allow it to show. With a bit of luck, you might eventually discover it. In the best case, you’d realize who they were before things are desperate, when you’ve lost your job, and you are cut off from all the people you once called your friends.
But hang on a moment, you might be thinking. Psychopaths are serial murderers and violent criminals. Most of these maniacs are obviously in prison.
If only that was the case! It is true that a lot of them are behind bars since they have not been able to control their impulses. They are violent and sometimes crazy, to put it plainly. When they see something they want, they simply take it, often with violence, which quickly gives them away. But the majority of all psychopaths are not behind bars. The more intelligent psychopaths and those who don’t commit serious violent crimes are walking around among us just like everybody else. They are people who will stop at nothing to get what they want. And you have certainly come across some of them.
But are we really surrounded by them?
The title Surrounded by Psychopaths was chosen with care, since there are far more psychopaths than I think most people are aware of. I want to show you how to recognize a master manipulator and to protect yourself, should you come across one.
What Are the Consequences?
The strange behavior of the young man at the lecture troubled me for several months. Those staring eyes, the artificial smile. It was all so weird. What happened to him? I got the answer on a subsequent trip when I returned to the university. I sought out the chair of the department where I had lectured and asked about the young man. Who was he? Did the department head know anything about him? The answer I got was horrific.
The young man was an employee who had been caught embezzling almost one hundred thousand dollars from the university before he was reported to the police by the department head. But by then he had gotten two women in the department pregnant. He managed to get one of them dismissed for sexual harassment (against him!), and the other woman tried to commit suicide after the affair was revealed (she had been married many years). Two postgraduate members of staff were on sick leave with chronic fatigue syndrome, after the young man had spread gossip and created chaos among the staff. The head of the department had resigned, and everything was in turmoil. Nobody knew what they should do, their research had been forgotten, and the department was falling apart.
But the young man had learned to smile. He had learned how to give the impression of being a nice, likable guy. He got away with it for two years before he was kicked out. Nobody suspected him. He had an explanation for everything. And it was always somebody else’s fault.
With a trembling voice, the department head told me that the young man had been let free after convincing the police as well as the prosecutor that he had embezzled the money at the suggestion of the department head. And the department head—with thirty-eight years at the university—had almost been prosecuted himself. Of course, the money was gone, and the evidence was so vague that nothing could be done to convict the real swindler. I asked what had happened to the young man. The department head told me that he had just gotten a new job at an IT company. He was now in charge of a project involving a large investment and was going to lead the company to new heights.
And so I learned that the young man at my lecture had indeed learned “how to take advantage of the DISC system.”
When the department head had finished his story, tears were running down his cheeks. It was terrible to see.
If I’d had the chance, I would have analyzed this young man. What would the analysis show? To be honest, I don’t know.
The most frightening thing is that he is still out there. And if you bump into him or someone like him, it’s critical that you know how to react. Because if he can sniff out your weaknesses, he will press all the buttons he can to destroy you. Not because he hates you or because he has some personal motivation. But because that is what psychopaths do. They take what they want from you. Using any means whatsoever. The consequences don’t matter.
They seduce and deceive. They lie and manipulate. They are thieves and parasites. And they get their energy from destroying other people. That is their primary fuel.
Exaggerated? Not at all. After you read this book, you might find it difficult to sleep at night. If that happens, I apologize in advance.
I am going to explain how to recognize a psychopath, how to recognize people with psychopathic traits, and most importantly I will show you what you can do about psychopaths.
Another Book About Psychopaths?
After Surrounded by Idiots was published, I gave lectures throughout Europe on the DISC system. The book put focus on certain things I had always taken for granted. People are different. Obviously. We already knew that. But how different, and in what way? And, above all, how do you deal with those differences?
The color-based DISC language that William Moulton Marston laid the foundations for explains quite a lot about how people function. But, as I mentioned earlier, it does not explain everything.
Marston was one of the first well-known psychologists who carried out research on healthy people. Both Jung and Freud primarily devoted themselves to the mentally ill. Can you fit everybody into the DISC system? No, actually you can’t. It only works with neurotypical persons—the type of people Marston studied. If you have some sort of diagnosis such as borderline personality disorder, severe autism, schizophrenia, or the like—or psychopathy—it simply does not work.
How Many Psychopaths Are There Really?
But hold on there, you might say. Psychopaths are so rare that they’re hardly worth worrying about. They can’t be more than 0.1 (or even 0.2 or 0.3) percent of the population. I can understand why you would think that. But there are more psychopaths than you imagine. According to the latest scientific findings, they comprise between 2 and 4 percent of the population. That is a significant number of people. As a point of comparison, I devoted quite a lot of pages in my previous book to people that are completely Red in their behavior, and they only comprise about 0.5 percent of the population.
Just think about it: if you were a shepherd with one thousand sheep and you heard that there were two wolves in the vicinity, what would you want to know more about? The sheep … or the wolves? Of course you would want to keep track of the wolves. Even though there aren’t that many, and even if they aren’t going to kill all the sheep they come across, it’s a good idea to understand how a wolf thinks and to know one when you see it. Because once it has decided to attack, it’s already too late. Then it will take whatever it wants.
Copyright © 2017 by Thomas Erikson
