The Tragedy of Liberation

"The great merit of Dikötter’s book is that it goes beyond the horrific statistics . . . He clearly explains the mechanics of the revolutionary state, how mass violence was orchestrated, why people took part in the killing, and what the purposes of the terror were"—The New York Review of Books

"A history of early Maoist China puts paid to any notion of a 'golden age' . . . In The Tragedy of Liberation . . . Frank Dikotter convincingly demolishes this rosy assessment of the early People’s Republic . . . The book is a remarkable work of archival research. Dikotter rarely, if ever, allows the story of central government to dominate by merely reporting a top-down directive. Instead, he tracks down the grassroots impact of Communist policies—on farmers, factory workers, industrialists, students, monks—by mining archives and libraries for reports, surveys, speeches and memoirs. In so doing, he uncovers astonishing stories of party-led inhumanity and also popular resistance . . . Dikotter sustains a strong human dimension to the story by skillfully weaving individual voices through the length of the book"—Financial Times

"With a mixture of passion and ruthlessness, he marshals the facts, many of them recently unearthed in party archives. Out of these, Mr. Dikotter constructs a devastating case for how extreme violence, not a moral mandate, was at the heart of how the party got to power, and of how it then governed."—The Economist

"Frank Dikötter’s powerful new book is a bold and startling attempt to rectify this apparent neglect. In a cool, dispassionate narrative, Dikötter recounts the orgy of violence which the communists set loose . . . Dikötter must be admired for the manner in which he puts a human scale on the enormous barbarities of the communist takeover of China. We cannot begin to understand modern China without being aware of the blood-drenched tale Dikötter so ably relates"—Kwasi Kwarteng, Evening Standard

"A meticulous reappraisal of the formative years of Maoist rule . . . This is the first study to make sense in detail of events central to the Mao era, of which only the broad outlines have been known before now. It deserves to become fundamental to a better understanding of the forces that have shaped China today"—The Sunday Telegraph (UK)

"A brilliant and powerful account of the formation of that society . . . Nobody who reads about the cost of the establishment of the PRC in Dikotter’s humane and lucid prose will find much sympathy for the authoritarian case. This excellent book is horrific but essential reading for all who want to understand the darkness that lies at the heart of one of the world’s most important revolutions"—Guardian (UK)

"The historian of China Frank Dikötter has taken a sledgehammer to demolish perhaps the last remaining shibboleth of modern Chinese history . . . What emerges from the archives with new clarity is just how ruinous Mao’s policies were"—The Spectator

"The Tragedy of Liberation is a tightly-written narrative of the twelve most pivotal years in modern Chinese history . . . The book is also a dispassionate study of the way nations can pervert optimism and descend into lunacy by steady increments . . . The Tragedy of Liberation is more unsettling. For what it tells us about the foundations of the modern Communist Party, and the backstory to so many decisions and statements made in Beijing today, it is essential reading"—The Times (London)

"This follow up to Dikötter’s award-winning Mao’s Great Famine examines the early bloodstained years of Communist China"—Critics' Choices, The Times (London)

"This groundbreaking book examines the bloodstained reality behind the word and reveals how it brought tragedy to millions . . . This exhaustive trawl through Chinese archives charts the full cost of those early years of change . . . Dikotter’s achievement in this book is remarkable. He has mastered a mass of original source material, and has done so by mining local archives in China, which have yielded up a host of treasures. (Significantly, scholars are now reporting the steady closure of official records, as local bureaucrats revert to old habits of secrecy and isolation. This may be the last work of its kind for a while) . . . Staggering amount of detail . . . For many years, histories of China have treated the 1950s as if the decade was an interlude of reason. That belief does not survive contact with this book . . . It is clear to this reviewer, at least, that mainstream academic scholarship must also be revised in the light of Dikotter’s work. In particular, volume 14 of the Cambridge History of China, which covers the period of this book, will have to be rewritten"—The Sunday Times (London)

"By the end of Dikötter’s shocking book, you are in no doubt about the dreadful murderousness of the communist leadership, whose land reforms and modernisation plans exacted a terrible toll on China’s rural population. In this nightmarish world, not even leper colonies were safe"—History Books of the Year, The Sunday Times (London)

"Unsparing reappraisal of China’s communist revolution"—Must Reads, The Sunday Times (London)

"A compelling and devastating account of the Communist involvement in the Civil War and of the first eight years of Communist rule . . . This is a gripping and fluidly written account of the first decade of the People’s Republic of China; one that contributes to bringing Chinese history into popular discussions of 20th century international revolutions, utopianism, violence and terror"—Times Higher Education

"Some of what Dikotter describes has been known in general terms, but what he has done here—as when he was writing about the later famine—is take advantage of the opening of archives in which firsthand official reports and accounts of death in all its forms, together with the myriad other forms of Maoist horror, can now be read unedited. It will be increasingly difficult for Western China specialists to write with authority based only on previous Western publications or on Chinese public statements. We remain in Frank Dikotter’s debt"—Literary Review

"Frank Dikotter, Professor of Humanities at the University of Hong Kong, is establishing himself as the chronicler of what happened to the most populous nation on Earth during Mao’s 27-year reign . . . Dikotter’s great achievement is to have melded together the big picture of Mao with the smaller one of what was happening to millions of victims of his policies."—Mail on Sunday

"Dikötter’s work has aimed to demolish almost every claim to truth or virtue the Chinese Communist party ever made. He combines a vivid eye for detail with a historian’s diligence in the archives . . . Dikötter is unsparing in his account of the effects of the communist rule"—Observer

"Catalogues in devastating detail the suffering endured from 1949 to 1957, during the installation of the world’s most murderous totalitarian regime . . . [his portrait of Mao is] both harsher and more convincing than ever"—Oldie

"A mesmerizing account of the communist revolution in China, and the subsequent transformation of hundreds of millions of lives through violence, coercion and broken promises. The Chinese themselves suppress this history, but for anyone who wants to understand the current Beijing regime, this is essential background reading"—Anne Applebaum